WHAT IS TABLE SPECIFICATION IN TEST CONSTRUCTION???
Table
of specification is an instrument that teachers use to formulate a test or
exam. The table is aimed to establish a comparison and organize the number
of questions dedicate to each tier of Bloom’s taxonomy. For example: A
biology paper may include 15 MCQs, 3 questions on defining terms and
concepts, 5 questions for difference, and 5 questions on labeling and
explaining role of vital organs. Consolidation of the data reveals that
more percentage/ weight age is placed on the more difficult aspects of the
paper as student progress through the exam. While developing the “Table of
Specification” plan; generally “Number of Questions” is kept on one axis
and “Subject” on the other. These heads of the chart are subjected to the
complexity of the test and may require addition of further heads as per
requirement. A table of specification may comprise of various columns
and rows depending upon the topic and its difficulty level. A test may encompass
various natures of questions such as multiple choice questions, true
false, short questions, essays; and subjects. Other types of table of
specification may include different elements on the axis. Table of
specification is a beneficial instrument which allows teachers to
test student’s ability and aptitude through fair distribution of difficult
and easier questions. Moreover the table is created in a manner so that it
can be revisited and reconsidered effortlessly at time of need or when
required.
For
Curriculum alignment the well-build association among
objectives, assessment, and instruction is very necessary (Anderson,
2002).Objectives present specifications for a lot of the information to be
composed.
Any educational project looking for to
bring about changes in learners is
duty-bound to collect
information about the level to which such changes have occurred.
(Anderson& Krathwohl,year NA). A learning object is any reusable media that
address a specific objective or objectives, or, work plans, and that can
be reused within a variety of learning contexts to provide the learner
with an educational experience. (Villani, 2005). The Taxonomy of
Educational Objectives, build up by Benjamin Bloom in the 1950s, is a
construction for classifying educational goals, objectives, and standards.
The taxonomy was used as a means of articulated qualitatively
diverse types of thinking. The six taxonomy categories are used to
organize thinking skills from the most basic (lower) to the more complex
(higher) levels of thinking.
The hierarchical nature of the taxonomy
meant that mastery of the simpler category was precondition to mastery of
the next more multifaceted one.
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