Steps in Constructing Table of Specification.
TOS (Table of Specification) is a
practical word given to the plan for scripting items for a test. A table of
specification should imitate what has been imparted in the instructional order.
In other terms, the testing mode is a reflection of the instructional mode. The
TOS should inculcate and reflect content and process, as the instructional mode
of TOS has two basic dimensions- Content matter and Intellectual process.Bloom’s Taxonomy categories
can be used to express the process. While developing TOS we advance with a
framework which does not only reflect what has been imparted to the students,
but also what intellectual level students possess.
- Select a topic
What to be taught? Must be sorted at first to be specific and
definite to proceed
- Identify the sub-topics to be tested
What are the sub heads you will be covering in that topic to
unfold the selected
topic
- Identify the levels of the taxonomy that are most appropriate to assess the content
Based on the chosen topic and sub
topics, the level or tier of taxonomy must be identified on which teacher or
trainer has to work
·
- Review the types of skills that can be tested under each level
Keeping in view the requirements of
the topic teacher must select the level of taxonomy under whose umbrella he/she
is going to test the students
·
- Consider the number of items that will be used on the entire test and the time available
Enlist the total number of test items and their required time to
fill them
·
- Based on the time spent on/importance of each sub-topic, decide on the number of items that will be used for each sub-topic.
Based on the requirement of time for each sub topic, finalize the
number of items to be used for judging student
·
- Distribute the questions across the cognitive levels
Divide the items on the basis of different level of cognitions
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